Internações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais devidos ao uso de álcool no Brasil e regiões: análise de tendência temporal, 2010-2020 / Hospitalizaciones por trastornos mentales y de conducta por consumo de alcohol en Brasil y regiones: análisis de tendencia temporal, 2010-2020 / Hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use in Brazil and regions: a temporal trend analysis, 2010-2020

Objective: to analyze the trend in hospitalization rates for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use (ICD-10: F10.0), Brazil and its five regions, 2010-2020. Methods: this was an ecological time-series study using data from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Health System; to calculate the trend in hospitalizations, we used the Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression model and the Stata Statistical Software 14.0; a decreasing trend was considered when p-value < 0.05, and the regression coefficient was negative. Results: in the period analyzed, there were 423,290 hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use in the country; the data analyzed showed a decreasing trend in adult hospitalization rates for this cause in the country (p-value < 0.001; 95%CI -0.094;-0.079) and in all its regions, for both sexes (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use have reduced in Brazil and in its macro-regions.

Objetivo: analizar la tendencia de las tasas de hospitalizaciones por trastornos mentales y comportamentales debidos al consumo de alcohol (CID-10 F10.0) en Brasil y sus regiones, entre 2010 y 2020. Métodos: estudio de series temporales ecológicas, con datos extraídos del Sistema de Información Hospitalaria del Sistema Único de Salud. Se utilizó la regresión lineal generalizada de Prais-Winsten para calcular la tendencia de las hospitalizaciones; los análisis se realizaron con el software Stata 14.0. La tendencia se consideró descendente cuando p-valor < 0,05 y coeficiente de regresión negativo. Resultados: 423.290 hospitalizaciones ocurrieron en Brasil en el período. Los datos analizados permitieron observar una tendencia decreciente en las tasas en adultos por esta causa en Brasil (p-valor < 0,001; IC95% -0,094;-0,079) y en todas las regiones para ambos sexos (p-valor< 0,001). Conclusión: hubo una reducción en las hospitalizaciones por trastornos mentales y comportamentales debido al consumo de alcohol en Brasil y regiones.

Objetivo: analisar a tendência das taxas de internações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais devidos ao uso de álcool (CID-10: F10.0), Brasil e suas cinco regiões, 2010-2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal, com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde; para o cálculo da tendência de internações, utilizou-se a regressão generalizada linear de Prais-Winsten e o software estatístico Stata 14.0; considerou-se tendência declinante quando p-valor < 0,05, com coeficiente da regressão negativo. Resultados: no período analisado, ocorreram 423.290 internações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais decorrentes do uso do álcool, no país; os dados analisados permitiram observar uma tendência declinante das taxas de internação de adultos por essa causa no país p-valor < 0,001; IC95% -0,094;-0,079) e em todas as suas regiões, para ambos os sexos (p-valor < 0,001). Conclusão: as internações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais devidos ao uso de álcool se reduziram, no Brasil e em suas macrorregiões.

Alcohol consumption and binge drinking among university students in a city in the state of Rondônia / Consumo de álcool e prática de binge drinkingentre universitários em uma cidade no interior de Rondônia

Objective: to verify the prevalence and pattern of alcohol consumption among the academics of a higher educa-tion institution located in the interior of the state of Rondônia. Methods: cross-sectional and observational study with all students enrolled in the institution in 2017. Were used the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test to identify alcohol consumption and other classes of psychoactive substances. To characterize binge drinking was adopted the definition by the National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism and, and exclusion criteria was defined the questionnaire was not filled in completely and the request of the participant. The data were ana-lyzed with SPSS program 17. The univariate analysis was used to describe quantitative variables and the bivariate analysis to verify the association between the use of alcoholic beverages and the independent variables (sex, age) the level of significance was set at 5%. Results: 518 subjects participated in the study, with a mean age of 23.1 years, of which 355 (68.5%) were female and 163 (31.5%) were male. Among these, 385 (74.3%) stated that they consume alcoholic beverages, 282 (54.4%) started consuming less than 18 years and 239 (57%) reported practic-ing BD. Among BD practitioners, 48.9% do so at least once a month.Conclusion: there was a high prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking among university students, which predisposes these individuals to physical, emotional, and social problems. Such findings should serve as a warning for the need for public policies aimed at preventing alcohol consumption that begins during adolescence (AU)

Objetivo: verificar a prevalência e o padrão de consumo de álcool entre acadêmicos de uma instituição de ensino superior do interior do estado de Rondônia. Método: estudo transversal e observacional com todos os estudantes matriculados no ano de 2017. Foi utilizado o Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test para identificar o consumo de álcool e outras classes de substâncias psicoativas. Para a caracterização de binge drinkingadotou-se a definição do National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism e, como critérios de exclusão, definiu-se o não preenchimento completo do questionário e solicitação do participante. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio do programa SPSS 17. Procedeu-se à análise univariada para descrição das variáveis quantitativas e análise bivariada para verificar a associação entre o uso de bebidas alcoólicas e as variáveis independentes (sexo, idade), adotan-do-se o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: participaram do estudo 518 indivíduos, com média de idade de 23,1 anos, sendo 355 (68,5%) do sexo feminino e 163 (31,5%) masculino. Dentre esses, 385 (74,3%) afirmaram que consomem bebidas alcoólicas, 282 (54,4%) iniciaram o consumo com menos de 18 anos e 239 (57%) referiram praticar o BD. Entre os praticantes de BD, 48,9% o fazem pelo menos uma vez ao mês.Conclusão: observou-se elevada prevalência de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e de prática de binge drinking entre os universitários, o que predispõe esses indivíduos a problemas físicos, emocionais e sociais. Tais achados devem alertar para a necessidade de políticas públicas que visem a prevenção de consumo de álcool que se inicia durante a adolescência (AU)

Prevalencia de consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios de enfermería / Prevalence of alcohol consumption in nursing students

Introducción El consumo de alcohol es un problema de salud pública, que afecta la vida de los jóvenes universitarios. Esto debido a que, al ser una droga de tipo legal, estimula el consumo y hace que se coloque como la de mayor uso con impacto en la salud y la formación universitaria. Objetivo Identificar el consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios de enfermería de una institución pública de Minatitlán Veracruz, México. Métodos Estudio descriptivo y transversal, realizado entre octubre y noviembre de 2020. Participaron de forma voluntaria y anónima 260 estudiantes universitarios de licenciatura en enfermería. La información fue recolectada mediante dos instrumentos. El primero indagó datos personales y el segundo fue el Test de Identificación de los Trastornos Debidos al Consumo de Alcohol (AUDIT). Resultados El 64,6% de los estudiantes indicó consumo de alcohol alguna vez en la vida, con inicio a los 16,3 años. La bebida de preferencia fue la cerveza (53,6%). Los principales proveedores de la bebida alcohólica fueron amigos (62,5%) y familiares (34,5%). El 59,6% tiene consumo de bajo riesgo, 4,6% consume de riesgo y 0,4% reporta dependencia. No hubo diferencias significativas entre el patrón de consumo y las actividades en el tiempo libre (X2 = 25,970; p = 0,355). Se encontró relación de los patrones de consumo de alcohol de los estudiantes con la edad, semestre que cursa actualmente, consumo alguna vez en la vida, así como el consumo de la familia y los amigos (p < 0,01). Conclusiones Existe una estrecha relación entre el inicio y mantenimiento del consumo de alcohol con el contexto social, familiar y escolar de los estudiantes de enfermería. Este resultado indica la necesidad de realizar programas de salud que den seguimiento al consumo durante la formación universitaria.

Introduction Alcohol consumption is a public health problem that affects university students. The legality of alcohol facilitates consumption among the young and makes it the most used drug in this population, impacting health and university education. Objective To identify alcohol consumption among nursing students of a public institution in Minatitlán, Veracruz, Mexico. Methods Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted between October and November 2020. A total of 260 nursing students participated voluntarily and anonymously. The information was collected using two instruments. The first one inquired about personal data, and the second one evaluated drinking through the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Results We found that 64.6% of students reported drinking at least once, with a mean age at drinking onset of 16.3 years. The preferred beverage was beer (53.6%), and the main providers of alcoholic beverages were friends (62.5%) and family (34.5%). A total of 59.6% of students had a low risk drinking patter, 4.6% had a high-risk drinking patter, and 0.4% reported dependence. There were no significant differences between drinking patterns and leisure time activities (X2 = 25.970; p = 0.355). There was a significant relationship between students' alcohol consumption patterns and age, current semester, drinking at least once, and drinking with family and friends (p < 0.01). Conclusions There is a close relationship between the initiation and maintenance of alcohol consumption with nursing students' social, family, and school context. These findings should encourage health programs that follow up on alcohol consumption during university training.

An Epidemiologic Survey and Violent Behavior Analysis of Antisocial Personality Disorder in Young Men in Chengdu / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in young men in Chengdu and explore the characteristics and risks of violence.@*METHODS@#Stratified random sampling was used to conduct a self-assessment questionnaire survey in 4 108 males aged from 18 to 34 in Chengdu, including general demographic characteristics, structured clinical interview for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-Ⅳ axis Ⅱ disorders (SCID-Ⅱ) personality disorder screen questionnaire, violence questionnaire, psychosis screening questionnaire (PSQ), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and drug use. χ2 test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for analysis and odds ratio (OR) was calculated.@*RESULTS@#The positive rate of ASPD was 5.91%, which was associated with young age, unmarried, unemployment state, low educational level, violent behavior, psychotic symptoms, alcohol and drug use (P<0.05). Young men with ASPD also had a risk (P<0.05) of violence (OR was 8.51), multiple violence (OR was 16.57), injury (OR was 6.68), intentional violence (OR was 11.41), etc., the risk decreased after controlling for psychotic symptoms and substance abuse, but was still statistically significant.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The risk of violence, severe violence and intentional violence in young men in Chengdu is high, and psychotic symptoms and substance abuse increase the risk of ASPD violence and relate characteristics.

Changes in the prevalence of comorbidity of mental and physical disorders in Singapore between 2010 and 2016

INTRODUCTION@#Few studies have examined the changes in the prevalence of comorbidity of mental and physical disorders in recent years. The present study sought to examine whether the prevalence of comorbidity of mental and physical disorders in Singapore showed any changes between 2010 and 2016.@*METHODS@#We extracted data from two repeated nationally representative cross-sectional surveys conducted among resident adults aged ≥ 18 years in Singapore. Significant changes were tested using pooled multinomial logistic regression analyses.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence of comorbid mental and physical disorders increased significantly from 5.8% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016. Among those with physical disorders, there were significant increases over time in the prevalence of comorbid generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) (0.1% vs. 0.4%) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (1.4% vs. 3.9%) in diabetes mellitus, and alcohol dependence in cardiovascular disorders (0.1% vs. 1.3%). Among those with mental disorders, there were significant increases over time in the prevalence of comorbid diabetes mellitus in OCD (4.1% vs. 10.9%), cancer in major depressive disorder (0.4% vs. 2.4%), and cardiovascular disorders in GAD (0.4% vs. 6.7%) and alcohol dependence (0.9% vs. 11.8%). Significant changes in the overall prevalence of comorbid mental and physical disorders were also observed across age group, education and employment status.@*CONCLUSION@#The prevalence of comorbid mental and physical disorders increased significantly over time. This finding supports the need for more appropriate clinical management with better integration between mental health and general medical care professionals across all aspects of the healthcare system to treat this comorbidity in Singapore.

Hábitos tóxicos y enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en una población de la tercera edad / Toxic Habits and Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in an Aged Population

Introducción: Los hábitos tóxicos son uno de los principales factores que convierten a las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en una importante causa de morbilidad y mortalidad. Objetivo: Describir la presencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y hábitos tóxicos como el consumo de café, alcohol y tabaco en una población de la tercera edad. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en el Consultorio médico 20 del municipio Arroyo Naranjo de La Habana entre octubre de 2018 y mayo de 2019. La población en estudio estuvo conformada por 365 pacientes geriátricos con diagnóstico de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Las variables analizadas fueron edad, sexo, enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles asociadas y sustancias tóxicas consumidas. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante revisión de historias clínicas y entrevistas realizadas a cada paciente. Los resultados se expresaron mediante tablas y gráficos estadísticos. Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino y la hipertensión arterial como enfermedad de mayor prevalencia. La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica fue mayor en hombres y fueron estos los más fumadores. La presencia de úlceras y el consumo de café fueron mayores en las mujeres. En los pacientes entre 60-71 años fue donde se encontró el mayor número de hipertensos y los mayores consumidores de bebidas alcohólicas. Los del grupo 72-82 años fueron los mayores consumidores de tabaco y los más afectados por el asma bronquial. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles constituyen un problema de salud en la población estudiada. Los hábitos tóxicos detectados se asocian a la presencia de dichas enfermedades en los pacientes estudiados(AU)

Introduction: Toxic habits are one of the main factors that make chronic noncommunicable diseases an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Objective: To describe the presence of chronic noncommunicable diseases and toxic habits such as consumption of coffee, alcohol and tobacco in an elderly population. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in the family medical office # 20 of the Arroyo Naranjo Municipality, Havana, between October 2018 and May 2019. The study population consisted of 365 geriatric patients diagnosed with chronic noncommunicable diseases. The variables analyzed were age, sex, associated chronic noncommunicable diseases and toxic substances consumed. The data were obtained by reviewing medical records and through interviews with each patient. The results were expressed using statistical tables and graphs. Results: In the research, the female sex predominated, together with arterial hypertension as the most prevalent disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was higher in men, who also accounted for the higher number of smokers. The presence of ulcers and coffee consumption were higher among women. It was in patients aged 60-71 years where the highest number of hypertensive patients and the highest consumers of alcoholic beverages were found. Those in the 72-82 age group were the greatest tobacco consumers and the most affected by bronchial asthma. Conclusions: Chronic noncommunicable diseases are a health concern in the studied population. The toxic habits detected are associated with the presence of these diseases in the patients studied(AU)

Alcoholic vs. non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis: surgeons' perspective from a tertiary centre in india / Perspectiva dos cirurgiões sobre pancreatite crônica alcoólica vs. não-alcoólica de um centro terciário na índia

ABSTRACT Background: Although alcohol is the most common cause for chronic pancreatitis worldwide, idiopathic type is prevalent in India. Natural history and disease progression are different between these two groups. There is paucity of data comparing surgical outcome and quality of life in these patients. Aim: To evaluate clinical features, surgical outcome and quality of life between these two groups of patients. Method: All patients with chronic pancreatitis who underwent surgery were prospectively reviewed. Results: From 98 patients, 42 were alcoholic. Number of male and the mean age at the time of operation was significantly more in alcoholic patients. Smoking, preoperative hospital admission rate and the prevalence of local complications like inflammatory pancreatic head mass, biliary stricture and left sided portal hypertension were distinctly more common in alcoholic group. Frey procedure was required more commonly in alcoholic group. Mean postoperative hospital stay and overall postoperative complication rate were comparable between the two groups. Over a median follow up of 18 months there was significant improvement in quality of life and pain score in both the groups. Improvement of physical functioning score at follow-up was significantly more in alcoholic group but the requirement for analgesic medications were significantly more in alcoholic group. However, appetite loss was more perceived by non-alcoholic group. Conclusion: Alcoholic chronic pancreatitis presents with more local complications associated with chronic pancreatitis. Frey procedure is a safe and well accepted surgery in this group. Though they required more analgesic requirement in short term follow up, other aspects of quality of life are similar to non-alcoholic group.

RESUMO Racional: Embora o álcool seja a causa mais comum de pancreatite crônica em todo o mundo, a forma idiopática é prevalente na Índia. A história natural e a progressão da doença são diferentes entre esses dois grupos. Há escassez de dados comparando o resultado cirúrgico e a qualidade de vida entre eles. Objetivo: Avaliar as características clínicas, o resultado cirúrgico e a qualidade de vida entre esses dois grupos de pacientes. Método: Todos os pacientes com pancreatite crônica operados foram revisados ​​retrospectivamente. Resultados: Do total de 98 pacientes, 42 eram alcoolistas. O número de homens e a idade média no momento da operação foi significativamente maior nos alcoolistas. Tabagismo, taxa de internação pré-operatória e prevalência de complicações locais como massa inflamatória da cabeça do pâncreas, estenose biliar e hipertensão portal do lado esquerdo foram distintamente mais comuns no grupo de alcoolistas e o procedimento de Frey foi exigido mais comumente neste grupo. A média de internação pós-operatória e a taxa geral de complicações pós-operatórias foram comparáveis ​​entre os dois grupos. Ao longo de acompanhamento médio de 18 meses houve melhora significativa na qualidade de vida e pontuação de dor em ambos os grupos. A melhora no escore de funcionamento físico foi significativamente maior no grupo de alcoolistas, mas a necessidade de medicamentos analgésicos foi significativamente maior nos alcoolistas. No entanto, a perda de apetite foi mais percebida pelo grupo não alcoólico. Conclusão: A pancreatite crônica alcoólica se apresenta com mais complicações locais associadas à pancreatite crônica. O procedimento de Frey é operação segura e bem aceita neste grupo. Embora exigissem mais necessidade de analgésicos no acompanhamento em curto prazo, outros aspectos da qualidade de vida são semelhantes ao grupo não alcoólico.

Convergence in alcohol abuse in Brazilian capitals between genders, 2006 to 2019: what population surveys show / Convergência no consumo abusivo de álcool nas capitais brasileiras entre sexos, 2006 a 2019: o que dizem os inquéritos populacionais

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of the prevalence of alcohol abuse among adults in Brazilian capitals, between 2006 and 2019. Methods: Time series study, based on data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel), between 2006 and 2019. The population consisted of adults (≥ 18 years old) with landline telephone residing in Brazilian capitals. The trend analysis was performed by linear regression. Results: Between 2006 and 2019 there was a significant increase (p = 0.03) in the abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages in the total adult population, from 15.6 to 18.8%. Among men, there was a stability trend (p = 0.96), and among women, there was an increase from 7.7 to 13.3% (p < 0.001; β = 0.295). In the male gender stratified by capitals, from 2006 to 2019 there was a reduction in Belém, Fortaleza, João Pessoa, Macapá, Manaus, Natal, Recife, São Luis, and Teresina. On the other hand, there was growth in the Federal District. Among women, the trend was upward in: Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Cuiabá, Curitiba, Florianópolis, Goiânia, Palmas, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, São Paulo, Vitória, and the Federal District. Conclusion: The results indicate that more adult women are currently drinking in excess compared to previous years, suggesting an increased risk of alcohol-related harm in this portion of the population in Brazilian capitals, bringing about a convergence effect with the prevalence among men and women.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal da prevalência do uso abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas em adultos nas capitais brasileiras, entre 2006 e 2019. Métodos: Estudo de série temporal, com base nos dados do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel), entre 2006 e 2019. A população foi constituída de adultos (≥ 18 anos) residentes nas capitais brasileiras com telefone fixo. Utilizou-se a regressão linear para análise da tendência. Resultados: Entre 2006 e 2019, houve aumento significativo (p = 0,03) do consumo abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas para o total da população adulta, de 15,6 para 18,8%. Entre os homens, a tendência foi de estabilidade (p = 0,96), e entre as mulheres, ocorreu aumento de 7,7 para 13,3% (p < 0,001; β = 0,295). Quando estratificado por capitais e sexo masculino, de 2006 a 2019 ocorreu redução em Belém, Fortaleza, João Pessoa, Macapá, Manaus, Natal, Recife, São Luís e Teresina. Em contrapartida, houve crescimento no Distrito Federal. Entre o sexo feminino, a tendência foi de aumento em: Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Cuiabá, Curitiba, Florianópolis, Goiânia, Palmas, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, São Paulo, Vitória e Distrito Federal. Conclusão: os resultados indicaram que mais mulheres adultas estão atualmente bebendo em excesso em comparação aos anos anteriores, sugerindo aumento dos riscos de danos relacionados ao álcool nessa parcela da população nas capitais brasileiras, trazendo um efeito de convergência com as prevalências entre homens e mulheres.

Drug use and driving behaviors among drivers with and without alcohol-related infractions

Abstract Introduction Brazil is one of the countries with the highest rates of alcohol-related traffic infractions, but little is known about the profile of the drivers who commit them. Identifying the characteristics of impaired drivers is essential for planning preventive actions. Objective To compare drug use and driving behavior profiles of drivers with and without alcohol-related infractions. Methods 178 drivers stopped at routine roadblocks were assessed by traffic agents who conducted standard roadblock procedures (document verification; request of a breathalyzer test [BT]). Drug use and driving behavior data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Subjects were divided into three groups: drivers who refused the BT (RDs, n = 72), drivers who tested positive on the BT (PDs, n = 34), and drivers who had committed other infractions (ODs, n = 72). Results The proportion of alcohol use in the last year was higher among RDs (100%) than in the PD and OD groups (97.1% and 72.2% respectively, p < 0.001). Lifetime prevalence of cannabis and cocaine use for the overall sample was 44.3% and 18.2%, respectively. Fewer individuals in the OD group (31.5%) reported having been stopped at roadblocks in the previous year compared to the PDs (55.9%) and RDs (48.6%, p = 0.03). However, a higher proportion of RDs reported drunk driving in the same period (87.5%; PD 69.7%; OD 26.9%; p < 0.001). Conclusion Essential differences among groups were observed. RDs had a higher proportion of alcohol use and drunk driving in the previous year; drivers who fit into this particular group may be unresponsive or less responsive to social deterrence and enforcement actions.

Factores de riesgo asociados al cáncer de mama / Risk Factors Associated with Breast Cancer

RESUMEN Introducción: El cáncer de mama es el tumor maligno más frecuente entre las mujeres de todo el mundo. Considerando los dos sexos, es el segundo en frecuencia después del cáncer de pulmón. En Cuba, sigue siendo la neoplasia maligna que más se diagnóstica en mujeres. Se estima que una de cada 9 a 12 mujeres con factores de riesgo padecerá la enfermedad a lo largo de su vida en los países del mundo occidental. Objetivo: Profundizar acerca de los factores de riesgo asociados al cáncer de mama. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica temática, observacional y retrospectiva de 25 artículos en el período comprendido desde septiembre 2018 a enero 2019. Se accedió a las bases de datos de Scielo. La búsqueda se hizo en artículos nacionales e internacionales, con textos completos, estos se sometieron a una lectura crítica utilizando métodos teóricos (análisis histórico-lógico y análisis-síntesis) y empíricos (análisis documental). Conclusiones: Se evidenció que el sexo femenino, la edad, el sobrepeso, la obesidad, el tabaquismo, el alcoholismo, el color de la piel, los antecedentes heredofamiliares de cáncer, la edad de la menarquía, la edad de la menopausia, los antecedentes de enfermedades benignas de la mama, el uso de tratamiento de reemplazo hormonal, la cantidad de hijos, el tiempo de lactancia materna y la actividad física, entre otros, constituyen factores de riesgo predisponentes al cáncer de mama, de ahí la importancia del reconocimiento de estos para la prevención y el diagnóstico precoz.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant tumor among women worldwide. Considering the two sexes, it is the second in frequency, after lung cancer. In Cuba, it is still the malignant neoplasm that is most diagnosed in women. It is estimated that one in 9 to 12 women with risk factors will suffer the disease throughout their lives in countries of the western world. Objective: To elaborate on the risk factors associated with breast cancer. Methods: A thematic, observational and retrospective bibliographic review of 25 articles was carried out in the period from September 2018 to January 2019. We accessed the Scielo databases. The search was performed in national and international articles, with full texts, which were subjected to critical reading using theoretical (historical-logical analysis and analysis-synthesis) and empirical (documentary analysis) methods. Conclusions: Evidenced showed that the female sex, age, overweight, obesity, smoking, alcoholism, skin color, hereditary family history of cancer, age of menarche, age of menopause, history of benign breast diseases, the use of hormone replacement treatment, the number of children, the time of breastfeeding, physical activity, among others, are risk factors predisposing to breast cancer; hence the importance of recognizing them for prevention and early diagnosis.

Alcohol use, abuse and dependence among elderly in outpatient treatment through the application of AUDIT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To identify or use alcohol abuse and abuse in the IAMSPE elderly, through the application of AUDIT, socioeconomic characterization of the elderly, and problems associated with drinking and weight, if there is a relationship between depression and alcohol abuse. METHODS This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. One hundred elderly patients were interviewed to apply a socioeconomic form and to assess alcohol consumption from AUDIT. RESULTS correlation between alcohol consumption and female gender (p = 0.021). Most of the participants were between 60 and 79 years old, were female, had a partner, had completed elementary school, had income and selected house, were retired and unemployed. CONCLUSION In the present study, we found no correlation between alcohol abuse and depression; Only one correlation was found between male gender and higher alcohol abuse. However, a significant prevalence of moderate use of high alcohol was found (3.9% in women and 21.7% in men), i.e., it poses a risk to the health of the elderly.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Identificar o uso, abuso e dependência de álcool em idosos do ambulatório do Iamspe, por meio da aplicação do Audit, através da caracterização socioeconômica dos idosos e dos problemas associados pelo consumo e pesar se há relação entre depressão e uso abusivo ou dependência de álcool. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, exploratório e descritivo de abordagem quantitativa. Foram entrevistados cem pacientes idosos para aplicação de um formulário socioeconômico e de avaliação do consumo de álcool, a partir da Audit. RESULTADOS Verificou-se correlação entre o consumo de álcool e sexo feminino (p=0,021). A maioria dos participantes estava na faixa etária entre 60 e 79 anos, era do sexo feminino, tinha companheiro(a), com ensino fundamental completo, renda e casa próprias, era aposentada e desocupada. CONCLUSÃO No presente estudo não verificamos correlação entre abuso de álcool e depressão; somente foi encontrada a correlação entre sexo masculino e maior uso abusivo de álcool. No entanto, encontrou-se prevalência significativa de uso moderado a alto de álcool (3,9% em mulheres e 21,7% em homens), o que, por si, traz risco para a saúde de idosos.

Estudo transversal sobre trabalho e comportamentos de risco à saúde entre escolares de zona rural do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010 / Estudio transversal sobre trabajo y conductas de riesgo a la salud entre niños estudiantes en zona rural de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2010 / Cross-sectional study on work and health risk behaviors among school students in a rural area of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, 2010

Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre trabalho e comportamentos de risco à saúde entre escolares de zona rural. Métodos: estudo transversal com escolares do 5° ao 8° ano do ensino fundamental das escolas municipais de Barão do Triunfo, RS, Brasil, em 2010; utilizou-se questionário autoaplicável; caracterizou-se o perfil de trabalho como 'trabalhadores atuais', 'trabalhadores prévios' e 'não trabalhadores'; revelaram-se comportamentos de risco à saúde o tabagismo, o consumo de álcool, o excesso de peso e a inatividade física (≤300 minutos semanais). Resultados: dos 339 participantes menores de 16 anos (89,9%), 82,3% eram trabalhadores atuais; entre os trabalhadores, predominaram serviços domésticos (39,8%) e agricultura (29,9%); 24,8% estavam com excesso de peso, 51,2% inativos no lazer, 6,6% fumavam; e 27,0% haviam consumido álcool nos últimos 30 dias, principalmente trabalhadores, comparados a não trabalhadores (p=0,02). Conclusão: oito em cada dez escolares trabalhava, e a maioria destes estava em trabalho infanto-juvenil; consumo de álcool foi o comportamento de risco à saúde mais frequente.

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre el trabajo y los comportamientos de riesgo a la salud entre los escolares de zona rural. Métodos: estudio transversal con estudiantes de quinto a octavo grado de primaria en las escuelas municipales de Barão do Triunfo, RS, Brasil, en 2010; en cuestionario autoaplicable, se caracterizó el perfil de trabajo como 'trabajadores actuales', 'trabajadores previos' y 'no trabajadores'; los comportamientos de riesgo a la salud fueron el tabaquismo (sí; no) y el consumo de alcohol (sí; no) en el último mes, exceso de peso e inactividad física. Resultados: entre los 339 participantes menores de 16 años (89,9%), el 82,3% eran trabajadores; entre los trabajadores, predominaron los servicios domésticos (39,8%) y la agricultura (29,9%); 24,8% de los estudiantes tenía sobrepeso, 51,2% estaba inactivo en el tiempo libre, 6,6% fumaba y 27,0% consumió alcohol en los últimos 30 días; este consumo fue mayor entre los trabajadores que entre los no trabajadores (p=0,02). Conclusión: ocho de cada diez escolares trabajaba, y la mayoría fue de niños y adolescentes; el comportamiento de mayor riesgo entre ellos fue el alcohol.

Objective: to evaluate association between work and health risk behaviors among rural schoolchildren. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study with 5th to 8th grade elementary and middle school students attending municipal schools in Barão do Triunfo, RS, Brazil in 2010; a self-administered questionnaire was used; their work profile was characterized as 'current workers', 'former workers', and 'non-workers'; health risk behaviors examined were smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight, and physical inactivity (≤300 minutes per week). Results: of the 339 participants under 16 years old (89.9%), 82.3% were current workers; their predominant work was domestic services (39.8%), and farming (29.9%); 24.8% of students were overweight, 51.2% were inactive during leisure, 6.6% smoked, and 27.0% had consumed alcohol in the last 30 days; alcohol consumption was higher among workers than non-workers (p=0.02). Conclusion: eight out of ten schoolchildren worked, most of them as child labor; the most frequent health risk behavior was alcohol consumption.

Tendência do beber episódico excessivo nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal, 2006-2018: um estudo ecológico de séries temporais / Tendencia del consumo episódico excesivo de alcohol en las capitales brasileñas y el Distrito Federal, 2006-2018: un estudio ecológico de series temporales / Heavy episodic drinking trends in the Brazilian state capitals and Federal District, 2006-2018: an ecological time series analysis*

Objetivo: Avaliar as tendências do beber episódico excessivo nas 26 capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal, geral e por sexo. Métodos:Estudo ecológico de séries temporais do padrão de beber episódico excessivo entre adultos, entre os anos de 2006 a 2018. Os dados foram obtidos da série histórica do Vigitel. Empregou-se regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: No período estudado, observou-se tendência estacionária de beber episódico excessivo em 23 das 27 capitais brasileiras; na capital Macapá, observou-se diminuição dessa prática; e nas capitais São Paulo e Florianópolis, assim como no Distrito Federal, tendência crescente nesse consumo. Há importantes diferenças no beber episódico excessivo por sexo, com tendência de aumento entre mulheres em sete capitais. Conclusão: Não houve redução do beber episódico excessivo na maioria das capitais, evidenciando a urgência da implantação de intervenções visando reduzir o consumo de álcool na população brasileira.

Objetivo: Evaluar las tendencias del consumo episódico excesivo de alcohol en las 26 capitales brasileñas y el Distrito Federal, total y según el sexo. Métodos: Estudio ecológico de series temporales del patrón de consumo excesivo de alcohol episódico entre adultos, de 2006 a 2018. Los datos se obtuvieron de la serie histórica de Vigitel. Se utilizó la regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Se observó una tendencia estacionaria al consumo episódico excesivo de alcohol entre 2006 y 2018 en 23 de 27 de las capitales brasileñas; con excepción de Macapá donde hubo una disminución en esta práctica, y en las capitales São Paulo, Florianópolis y Distrito Federal, donde se encontró una tendencia creciente. Existen diferencias importantes por sexo, con aumento del consumo entre las mujeres en siete capitales. Conclusión: No hubo reducción en el consumo episódico excesivo de alcohol en la mayoría de las capitales, lo que demuestra la urgencia de implementar intervenciones para reducir el consumo de alcohol en la población brasileña.

Objective: To assess heavy episodic drinking trends in the 26 Brazilian state capitals and Federal District, overall and according to sex. Methods: This was an ecological time series study of heavy episodic drinking patterns among adults, from 2006 to 2018. The data were obtained from VIGITEL Survey time series. Prais-Winsten regression was used. Results: In the period studied a stationary heavy episodic drinking trend was found in 23 out of the 27 state capitals, with the exception of Macapá, where there was a decrease in this practice, and in São Paulo, Florianópolis and the Federal District, where an increase was found. There were important differences by sex in relation to heavy episodic drinking, with a tendency to increased consumption among women in seven state capitals. Conclusion: There was no reduction in heavy episodic drinking in most capitals, showing the urgency of implementing interventions to reduce alcohol consumption among the Brazilian population.

Comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en hombres mayores brasileños viudos / Health risk behaviors in elderly Brazilian widowers

RESUMEN Se buscó comparar la prevalencia de comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en hombres mayores viudos con las de hombres mayores con pareja, solteros y divorciados/separados, así como la prevalencia de comportamientos de riesgo en hombres mayores viudos según rango de edad, escolaridad y raza/color. Se realizó un estudio transversal con hombres mayores (≥ 60 años) entrevistados por el Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo y Protección para Enfermedades Crónicas por Encuesta Telefónica (Vigitel) en 2016 (n=5.384) y 2017 (n=5.801) que incluye muestras representativas de adultos de las capitales de los estados brasileños y del Distrito Federal. De ellos, 886 eran viudos. Los comportamientos de riesgo fueron: inactividad física en el tiempo libre, consumo irregular de frutas, verduras y legumbres, tabaquismo y consumo abusivo de alcohol. La prevalencia de tabaquismo fue menor entre los hombres mayores con pareja [RP = 0,68; IC95% (0,52-0,90)] que entre los viudos. En los demás comportamientos de riesgo no se observaron diferencias en la prevalencia de los viudos en relación a los demás grupos. Cuando se analizaron solamente los viudos, se observaron importantes asociaciones de los comportamientos de riesgo con las variables grupo de edad y escolaridad, pero no con raza/color.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of health risk behaviors among elderly widowers with that of elderly partnered males, as well as single or divorced/separated men. Additionally, we set out to examine the prevalence of risk behaviors in elderly widowered men according to age, education level, and race/skin color. A cross-sectional study was conducted with elderly men (≥ 60 years) who were interviewed through the Surveillance System of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel) in 2016 (n=5,384) and 2017 (n=5,801). The Vigitel survey includes representative samples of adults residing in the capitals of Brazilian states and the Federal District, and of those surveyed, 886 were widowers. Identified risk behaviors included physical inactivity during leisure time, irregular consumption of fruits, vegetables and legumes, smoking and alcohol abuse. The prevalence of smoking was lower among partnered elderly men [PR=0.68, CI95% (0.52-0.90)] than among widowers. There were no differences in the prevalence of other risk behaviors between widowers and other groups. When only widowers were taken into account, there was significant association of risk behaviors with age and educational level, but not with race/skin color.

Determinantes sociales del consumo de alcohol en adolescentes del Colegio Daniel Córdova de Cuenca: estudio transversal, 2016 / Social determinants of alcohol consumption in adolescents from Daniel Cordova High School in Cuenca: cross sectional study, 2016

Introduction: the alcohol consumption in adolescence is frequent and it is associated with social determinants. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of alcohol consumption in adolescents of the Daniel Córdova High School in Cuenca - Ecuador and its association with some social determinants.Methods: it is a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 218 adolescents. A questionnaire for demo-graphic variables, family structure and migration was used to determine the prevalence of alcohol consumption, the diagnostic criteria of the DSM5 was used to identify the family functioning of the FF-SIL Test and for the lifestyle the FANTASTIC test was applied. The PR was obtained with its confidence intervals to control if the social determinants were a risk or protection factor for the alcohol consumption, and the statistical significance was determined with values of p <0.05.Results: the prevalence of alcohol consumption was 42.2%; a total of 56% of the students come from a "nuclear home", the 55% have a migrant relative, 39% have a good lifestyle and 50% be-long to families qualified as moderately functional. There is a statistically significant association with the fact of having a migrant family member, having a bad lifestyle and belonging to a reconstituted and dysfunctional family.Conclusion: the prevalence of alcohol consumption is higher than those reported in other studies carried out in Cuenca city high schools; It is associated with similar social determinants globally.(AU).

Introducción: el consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia es frecuente y se encuentra asociado a determinantes sociales. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol en los adoles-centes del colegio "Daniel Córdova" de Cuenca ­ Ecuador y su asociación con algunos determinantes sociales.Métodos: estudio transversal, en una muestra de 218 adolescentes. Se usó un cuestionario para las variables demográficas, estructura familiar y migración; para determinar la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol se usó los criterios diagnósticos del DSM5, para identificar el funcionamiento fa-miliar el Test FF-SIL y para el estilo de vida el test FANTASTIC. Se obtuvo la RP con sus intervalos de confianza para determinar si los determinantes sociales fueron factor de riesgo o de protección para el consumo de alcohol y la significancia estadística se determinó con valores de p<0.05. Resultados: la prevalencia del consumo de alcohol fue del 42.2 %; el 56% de los estudiantes provienen de un "hogar nuclear", el 55% tienen algún fa-miliar migrante, el 39% tienen un buen estilo de vida y el 50% pertenecen a familias calificadas como moderadamente funcionales y existe asociación estadísticamente significativa con el hecho de tener un familiar migrante, poseer un mal estilo de vida y pertenecer a una familia reconstituida y disfuncional. Conclusión: la prevalencia del consumo de alcohol es mayor que los re-portados en otros estudios realizados en colegios de la ciudad de Cuenca y se asocia con determinantes sociales similares a nivel global.(AU).

Prevalence and factors associated with underweight among Brazilian older adults / Prevalência e fatores associados ao baixo peso em idosos brasileiros

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of underweight among older adults according to socio-demographic characteristics in different regions of Brazil as well as determine associated contextual and individual factors. Cross-sectional population-based study with older adults (≥ 65 years) interviewed by telephone survey in 2014. The body mass index was calculated based on weight and height. Associations were determined using Pearson's chi-square test, considering a 5% significance level. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using multilevel Poisson regression. Mean age was 73.3 years and the prevalence of underweight was 15.6% (95%CI: 14.1-17.1%). Higher prevalence rates of underweight were found among women, individuals aged ≥ 80 years, smokers and those who reported the regular consumption of beans. The prevalence rate of underweight was lower among those who reported abusive alcohol intake and those with a medical diagnosis of hypertension. The northern region of the country had the highest prevalence of underweight after adjusting for associated individual factors. The findings demonstrate the subgroups with higher prevalence rates of underweight that demand greater attention from the health services in terms of recovering of an adequate nutritional status.

Resumo O objetivo foi estimar a prevalência de baixo peso em idosos, segundo características sociodemográficas nas regiões do país e verificar os fatores contextuais e individuais associados. Estudo transversal de base populacional com idosos (≥ 65 anos) entrevistados pelo Vigitel 2014. O Índice de Massa Corporal foi calculado com o peso e estatura referidos. Verificaram-se as associações pelo teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson, considerando-se um nível de significância de 5%. Razões de prevalência ajustadas foram obtidas por meio de regressão de Poisson multinível. A média etária dos idosos foi de 73,3 anos e a prevalência de baixo peso foi de 15,6% (IC95%:14,1-17,1). Verificaram-se prevalências mais elevadas de baixo peso no sexo feminino, nos que tinham ≥ 80 anos, nos fumantes e naqueles que referiram ingerir feijão regularmente. A prevalência de baixo peso foi menor nos indivíduos com consumo abusivo de álcool e diagnóstico médico de hipertensão arterial. A região Nordeste apresentou maior prevalência de baixo peso, mesmo após ajuste pelos fatores individuais associados ao baixo peso. Os resultados revelam os subgrupos com maiores prevalências de baixo peso e que demandam maior atenção dos serviços de saúde no monitoramento e recuperação do estado nutricional.

Alcoolismo e comorbidades em mulheres / Alcoholism and comorbidities in women / Alcoholismo y comorbilidad en mujeres

Objetivo: identificar as comorbidades relatadas pelas mulheres que frequentam o grupo de Alcoólicos Anônimos do município de Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, decorrentes do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa e corte transversal, a partir de entrevistas estruturadas com oito mulheres frequentadoras do grupo Alcoólicos Anônimos. O estudo teve a aprovação do comitê de ética em pesquisa com seres humanos. Resultados: os resultados mostraram que o início do hábito de beber se deu ainda na adolescência, a partir dos 12 anos. Há muitas comorbidades associadas ao consumo de álcool, físicas, psiquiátricas e sociais. Todas as entrevistadas tentaram sozinhas parar de beber, mas não conseguiram. A sobriedade só tem sido possível a partir do apoio do grupo dos Alcoólicos Anônimos, muito embora registrem algumas recaídas. Considerações finais: há necessidade de incrementar estudos sobre a temática, incluindo o gênero feminino como uma importante variável a ser considerada nas políticas públicas de enfrentamento e combate ao alcoolismo e nas estratégias de prevenção e/ou tratamento.(AU)

Objective: to identify the comorbidities reported by the women attending the Alcoholics Anonymous group in the municipality of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, resulting from the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Method: this was na exploratory, qualitative and cross-sectional study, based on a structured interview with eight women attending the Alcoholics Anonymous Group. The study was approved by the ethics committee in humans research. Results: it was shown that the beginning of the drinking habit occurred as early as the adolescence, from the age of 12 years on. There are many comorbidities associated with alcohol consumption: physical, psychiatric and social. All the interviewees tried alone to stop drinking, but they failed. Sobriety has only been possible along with the support of the Alcoholics Anonymous group, even though it has shown some members' relapses. Final considerations: there is a need to increase studies on the theme, and include the feminine gender as an important variable to be considered in public policies for coping and combating alcoholism and in prevention and/or treatment strategies.(AU)

Objetivo: identificar las comorbilidades reportadas por las mujeres que asisten al grupo alcohólicos anónimos en el municipio de Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, causado por el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas. Se buscó identificar el perfil sociodemográfica de estas mujeres y comparar las comorbilidades reportadas con lo indicado en la bibliografía sobre el consumo de alcohol. Método: se trata de un estudio exploratorio, cualitativo y transversal, basado en una entrevista estructurada con ocho mujeres que asisten al grupo Alcoolicos Anonimos. el estudio fue aprobado por el comité de ética en investigación con humanos. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que el inicio del hábito de beber comenzó, incluso en la adolescencia, a partir de los 12 años. Hay muchas comorbilidades asociadas al consumo de alcohol: física, psiquiátrica y social. Todos los entrevistados intentaron solos dejar de beber, pero fracasaron. La sobriedad sólo ha sido posible desde el apoyo del grupo de alcohólicos anónimos, aunque registra algunas recaídas. Consideraciones finales: es necesario aumentar los estudios sobre el tema, incluyendo el género femenino como una variable importante a considerar en las políticas públicas para afrontar y combatir el alcoholismo y en las estrategias de prevención y/o tratamiento.(AU)

Social norms regarding alcohol use and associated factors among university students in Turkey

Abstract Background Misperceptions on the higher rates of peer alcohol use are predictive of increased personal use among university students. Objectives This study aims to assess the prevalence, perceived peers' social norms and other predictors of alcohol use in a sample of Turkish university students. Methods This study is established upon the baseline Turkish data on alcohol use of the project Social Norms Intervention for the prevention of Polydrug usE (SNIPE). The data was obtained by a self-reported, online questionnaire from 858 students of Marmara University who were registered to the study web page. Results Alcohol use and drunkenness rates were 62.6%, and 40.9%, respectively. Twenty point two percent of students reported drinking alcohol at least once a week in the last two months. Majority of students (70.4%) reported that religion has an important or very important role in their lives. Perceived higher frequency of peer alcohol use (p<0.000) and drunkenness (p<0.000) were significantly associated with personal alcohol use frequency. Tobacco use rate was 60.2% and positively associated with alcohol use frequency (p<0.000). In all participants, male gender (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.07-2.28), giving less importance to religion (OR: 20.91; 95% CI: 10.95-39.95), tobacco use everyday/almost everyday (OR: 17.88; 95% CI: 9.33-34.29), perceived positive peer attitude towards alcohol use (OR: 2.192; 95% CI: 1.25-3.82) and perceived higher frequency of peer alcohol use (OR: 3.487; 95% CI: 1.66-7.31) were found to be associated risk factors for alcohol use. Age (OR: 1.186, CI 95%: 1.03-1.36) and perceived positive peer attitude towards alcohol use (OR: 3.86, CI 95%: 1.84-8.09) were the additional risk factors among female student whereas perceived positive peer alcohol use frequency (OR: 8.08, CI 95%: 2.40-27.10) among male students. Discussion As the first study conducted in Turkey applying social norms theory, our results indicate the noticeable misperceptions of students regarding their peers' alcohol use. Based on our results, targeting both tobacco and alcohol use, and a gender-sensitive approach employing social norms interventions may enhance the preventive strategies for risky alcohol use among university students.

Alcohol misuse among women in Brazil: recent trends and associations with unprotected sex, early pregnancy, and abortion

Objective: This study compared the rates of binge drinking (BD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) reported for 2006 with those reported for 2012, exploring their associations with unprotected sex, early pregnancy, and abortion in a representative sample of women in Brazilian households. Methods: This was a descriptive analysis of data from a cross-sectional study involving randomized multistage cluster sampling of the population ≥ 14 years of age. Weighted prevalence rates and odds ratios were estimated, and serial mediation analysis was performed. Results: A total of 4,256 women were analyzed. The BD prevalence was 35.1% and 47.1% in 2006 and 2012, respectively, a significant increase, especially among women 40-59 years of age. There was no significant difference in AUD prevalence. BD (without AUD) was found to increase the odds of unprotected sex and abortion. The path analysis showed that early pregnancy was a mediator of the relationship between alcohol consumption and abortion. Conclusion: Among women in Brazil, the harmful use of alcohol is increasing, which has an impact on female reproductive health and exposure to risks. There is a need for specific prevention initiatives focusing on alcohol-related behaviors in women.

Relação do uso de álcool e transtornos mentais comuns com a qualidade de vida de pacientes na atenção primária em saúde / Relationship of alcohol consumption and mental disorders common with the quality of life of patients in primary health care

Resumo Objetivou-se mensurar a Qualidade de Vida (QV) de pacientes da Atenção Primária em Saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro e verificar sua associação com Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC), uso de álcool e aspectos sociodemográficos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 624 pacientes em 2012/2013 e aplicação dos instrumentos: "General Health Questionnaire", "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale", "Screening for Somatoform Symptoms", "Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test" e "World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (bref version)". Realizou-se análise bivariada (Teste-t) e regressões lineares múltiplas para cada domínio de QV. Os escores QV para os domínios físico, psicológico, relações sociais e meio-ambiente foram: 61,2; 62,6; 66 e 50,9. Na análise multivariada, a QV associou-se negativamente aos TMC, principalmente no domínio psicológico (β = -15,75; p-valor = 0,00), e a dependência no domínio físico (β = -5,38; p-valor = 0,05). Houve associação positiva e significativa da QV com consumo de risco (β = 5,77) e nocivo (β = 6,15) no domínio meio ambiente, e com o primeiro no domínio psicológico (β = 7,08). TMC e a dependência de álcool estão associados à perda da QV, porém outros padrões de consumo, mesmo sendo nocivos, se associaram a maior QV.

Abstract The objective was to measure the Quality of Life (QoL) of the patients treated in Primary Health Care in the city of Rio de Janeiro and its own association with CMD, alcohol consumption and socio-demographic aspects. This is a cross-sectional study involving 624 patients in 2012/2013, using: General Health Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Screening for Somatoform Symptoms, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test e World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (bref version). There were conducted a bivariate analysis and a multiple linear regressions for each domain of QOL. The QoL score for the domains, physical, psychological, social relationships and environment were: 61,2; 62,6; 66 and 50,9. In multivariate analysis, the QOL was negatively associated to the CMD, especially in the psychological domain (β = -15,75; p-value = 0,00), and the dependence on physical (β = -5,38; p-value = 0,05). There was a positive and significant association of the QoL with the risk consumption (β = 5,77) and the harmful consumption (β = 6,15) in the environment domain, and with the first in the psychological domain (β = 7,08). CMD and alcohol dependence are associated with the loss of QOL, but other patterns of consumption, even being harmful are associated with higher QOL.